The sape is a traditional lute of many of the Orang Ulu or "upriver people", who live in the longhouses that line the rivers of Central Borneo. Sapes are carved from a single bole of wood; many modern instruments reach over a metre in length. It is famous among the Kayan and Kenyah tribes of East Malaysia. It is used in entertainment and to accompany dances such as 'Datun Julud and 'Ngajat' (one of the warrior dances associated with headhunting according to legend). Originally , sape strings were made from the Sago tree but now these have been replaced by nylon strings.
The sape is one of the string instruments from the lute family, which has a short neck.It is made from soft wood, usually the meranti's. The sape has quite an elongated body which is hollowed out and functions as a resonator. The shape of the body looks like a sampan and is often called 'the boat lute' in the west.
All the strings are plucked using the thumb and only one of the strings is used to play the melody. The rest of the strings function as drone strings, playing only open strings. The strings are fixed across the body, supported by a bridge which is movable, for tuning purposes.
Musically, the sape is a simple instrument. One string carries the melody, the accompanying strings are struck rhythmically to produce a drone. In practice, the music is quite complex, with many ornamentations and thematic variations. There are two common modes, one for the men's longhouse dance and the other for the woman's longhouse dance. There also is a third rarely used mode. Sape music is usually inspired by dreams; there are over 35 traditional pieces with many variations. The overall repertoire is slowly increasing.
Sunday, October 11, 2009
Saturday, October 10, 2009
Media Technology Has Effects On You, Your Family And Your Friends.
There are two major approaches to using media and technology. First off, media and technology have been introduced into the world because it is believed that they can have positive effects on teaching and learning. The purpose of this report is to summarize the evidence for the effectiveness and impact of media and technology in K-12 schools around the world.
For the purposes of this report, media is defined as “all means of communication, whatever its format.” In this sense, media include symbol systems as diverse as print, graphics, animation, audio and motion pictures. Technology is defined as “any object or process of human origin that can be used to convey media.” In this sense, technology includes phenomena as diverse as books, films, television, and the Internet
Computer-based cognitive tools have been intentionally adapted or developed to function as intellectual partners to enable and facilitate critical thinking and higher order learning. Examples of cognitive tools include: databases, spreadsheets, semantic networks, expert systems, communications software such as teleconferencing programs, on-line collaborative knowledge construction environments, multimedia/ hypermedia construction software, and computer programming languages.
-Cognitive tools empower learners to design their own representations of knowledge rather than absorbing representations preconceived by others.
-Cognitive tools can be used to support the deep reflective thinking that is necessary for meaningful learning
-Cognitive tools enable mindful, challenging learning rather than the effortless learning promised but rarely realised by other instructional innovations.
For the purposes of this report, media is defined as “all means of communication, whatever its format.” In this sense, media include symbol systems as diverse as print, graphics, animation, audio and motion pictures. Technology is defined as “any object or process of human origin that can be used to convey media.” In this sense, technology includes phenomena as diverse as books, films, television, and the Internet
Computer-based cognitive tools have been intentionally adapted or developed to function as intellectual partners to enable and facilitate critical thinking and higher order learning. Examples of cognitive tools include: databases, spreadsheets, semantic networks, expert systems, communications software such as teleconferencing programs, on-line collaborative knowledge construction environments, multimedia/ hypermedia construction software, and computer programming languages.
-Cognitive tools empower learners to design their own representations of knowledge rather than absorbing representations preconceived by others.
-Cognitive tools can be used to support the deep reflective thinking that is necessary for meaningful learning
-Cognitive tools enable mindful, challenging learning rather than the effortless learning promised but rarely realised by other instructional innovations.
Megacities-How To Provide For The Poor Classes
Megacities are defined as developed or urban areas with more than 5 million inhabitants. Scientists predict that by year 2015, the world may contain as many as 60 megacities, together housing more than 600 million people. There are where much of the worldwide process of urbanization is taking place.
First of all, one of the methods to help the poor classes is that the government should provide subsidies for the unfortunates. Subsidies can be in many forms, for instance, financial support or giving scholarships to poor students who excel in their studies. Poor people should not be discriminated as they too have the equal right or privilege to have a normal life just like all of us.
The government too can provide more jobs for the poor in order to support their family for a living. Some of the poor people are breadwinners in their family, thus this a great move by the government to give the poor a chance to make a living.
Charity also can be carried out by the people who are well paid in megacities, such as an event which involves all the people around a particular megacity to take part in the event, so that everyone has the responsibility to help the poor people. Therefore, we as concerned citizens must make this world a better place to live in together.
First of all, one of the methods to help the poor classes is that the government should provide subsidies for the unfortunates. Subsidies can be in many forms, for instance, financial support or giving scholarships to poor students who excel in their studies. Poor people should not be discriminated as they too have the equal right or privilege to have a normal life just like all of us.
The government too can provide more jobs for the poor in order to support their family for a living. Some of the poor people are breadwinners in their family, thus this a great move by the government to give the poor a chance to make a living.
Charity also can be carried out by the people who are well paid in megacities, such as an event which involves all the people around a particular megacity to take part in the event, so that everyone has the responsibility to help the poor people. Therefore, we as concerned citizens must make this world a better place to live in together.
Indegenous people
There are more than 40 ethnic group in Philippines. Each group has a distinct culture and language. Several of these ethnic groups can be distinguished as “tribal group”. They are indigenous people who still live in traditional way. Each group living in specific region on one of the islands. Mindanao live 18 tribal in Filipino groups. The most well known are the T’boli and the B’laan. The collective name for 18 indigenous people of Mindanao is “Lumad” ,It also another word for indigenous. These ethnic group distinguish themselves by their language and culture. Only a few T’boli are Christian or Islamite. More than 95% of T’boli people still has their animistic religion. The T’boli and member of other indigenous tribes still believe in spirits who live in several places in the natural environment. There are strong belief in the power of the spirit of ancestors and in the influenceof more than one god. The T’boli distinguish their selves, like all other of “tribal Filipinos”. By colourful clothes and specific ornaments like rings, bracelets and earrings.
Emotions
Emotion exist in every human that are living in this world. Emotion is an important and strong felling such as love , fear or anger, it is the part of person character. Different emotion will be show in different situation that why every person’s will have different way to express their emotion. Emotion can be show from the facial expression , but when expressing it you should be careful and express it appropriately. Emotion provide important information, through the emotion we can find out if the person is angry or happy or excited. We also should control our emotion so will look more professional in business. If lose emotion during any business negotiation will cause us to look unprofessional and will make other people to look down on when negotiation. If want to express emotion during negotiation, it should be the one that will not cause the other side of negotiation fell hurt, should express it in a god and manner way.
Tattoo
Tattooing has been practiced worldwide. Throughout history, tattoos were mostly worn as decoration. It’s well known that many societies wore tattoos as part of their culture.
A tattoo is a puncture wound, made deep in your skin, that's filled with ink. It's made by penetrating your skin with a needle and injecting ink into the area, usually creating some sort of design. Tattooing was believed to have started in Egypt, before Egypt was even an organized society 6,000 years ago, they have been found on mummified body since 3300 B.C. From Egypt tattooing was later spread and shared with other parts of Africa, into Asia, and Pacific islands through trade lines and travelers. Every culture since has tattooed themselves in one form or another, for reasons of spirituality, protection, strength, and history. Tattoos have been marks that the bearer is very proud of, or ashamed to wear. Today, tattoos are becoming less taboo and more accepted as cleaner and the advances in color and other tattoo equipment have made tattoos more than just a symbol or a testimony, but a real piece of art on skin.
A tattoo is a puncture wound, made deep in your skin, that's filled with ink. It's made by penetrating your skin with a needle and injecting ink into the area, usually creating some sort of design. Tattooing was believed to have started in Egypt, before Egypt was even an organized society 6,000 years ago, they have been found on mummified body since 3300 B.C. From Egypt tattooing was later spread and shared with other parts of Africa, into Asia, and Pacific islands through trade lines and travelers. Every culture since has tattooed themselves in one form or another, for reasons of spirituality, protection, strength, and history. Tattoos have been marks that the bearer is very proud of, or ashamed to wear. Today, tattoos are becoming less taboo and more accepted as cleaner and the advances in color and other tattoo equipment have made tattoos more than just a symbol or a testimony, but a real piece of art on skin.
Tuesday, September 1, 2009
Effective communication
Communication is basically divided into two types of communication,which are verbal and non-verbal. Many of us have misconception about communication and we think that communication is just about talking or speaking.Body language and facial expression are the example of communication, but they ate known as non-verbal communication. To create an effective communication, the listener and the speaker have to do their parts by making sure both parties have the same understanding of particular discussion that they are discussing.Having good communication with others can be rewarding, in the sense that it might improve relationships and also absolute merriment.
(100 words)
(100 words)
Demographic of smoking
A study by the Ministry of Youth and Sports in 1994 on 6,000 youths showed that 71 percent has experimented with cigarettes.
A recent survey showed that 85 percent of smokers were aged between 19 and 22 years.
Source: The Star, January 4, 1997
| 1985 | 1995 | Increase | |
| Male smoker | 41% | 45% | 4% |
| Female smoker | 4% | 5% | 1% |
| Male youth | 10% | 12% | 2% |
| Female youth | 1% | 2% | 1% |
Source: Philadephia Inquirer
In the chart, it shows an increase of smoker from 1985 to 1995. The male smoker is 41% in the year 1985 and it show an increase of 4% when it 1995.on the other hand, the female smoker shows an increase of 1% that is from 4% in 1985 to 5% in years 1995. Beside that ,youth male smoker also show an increase in their number,there is increase of 2% in the period of 10 years. Female youth smoker also increase1% in the period of 10 years.
| Year | No. of Sample | No. of Student Smoking | Percentage of Sample |
| 1991 | 1879100 | 7310 | 0.39% |
| 1992 | 2004979 | 7579 | 0.38% |
| 1993 | 2104302 | 7889 | 0.39% |
| 1994 | 2389433 | 8957 | 0.37% |
Source: Report on Discipline of School Student in Malaysia Ministry of Education.
The table shows percentage of student that are smoking from year 1991-1994. In these 4 year there is an increase of student smoking. In the year 1991 there is 7310 student that are smoking but in year 1992 there is an increase in the number of smoker. In 1992 the number of student smoking increase by 298 that is total of 7579 student are started to smoke. In the year 1993 there is 7889 student that are smoking and in year 1994 there are 8957 student that are smoking. There is an increase of 1068 student that smoke.
This shows that the student in Malaysia or youth now have a tendency to smoke.
The Chronicles of Emo Kids =)
'Emo', which is a short form for emotional, is a trend of rock music particularly distinguished to express a strong feeling sadness or unhappiness, pain, hurt, anger and disturbance, which are also known as 'emotional hardcore' or 'emotional active' and pioneered by bands like Rites of Spring and Embrace. The stylistic origins were hardcore punk and indie rock.
A couple of years ago, the word 'emo' has been put into criticism to various of artists such as Evanescence, Avril Lavigne, Fall Out Boy and My Chemical Romance. 'Emo' is usually used to emphasize a specific relationship between the fans and the artists and to portray fashion, culture and behaviour.
Let us put an example of a song named "Helena", sang by My Chemical Romance. The lyrics are as below followed by the meaning of each paragraph.
Helena
Long ago
Just like the hearse
you die to get in again
We are so far from you
And what's the worst you take
(Worst you take)
From every heart you break
(Heart you break)
And like a blade you stain
(Blade you stain)
Well, I've been holding on tonight
What's the worst that I could say?
Things are better if I stay
So long and goodnight
So long and goodnight
And what's the worst you take
(Worst you take)
From every heart you break
(Heart you break)
And like the blade you stain
(Blade you stain)
Well, I've been holding on tonight
Came a time
When every star falls
Brought you to tears again
We are the very hurt you sold
And what's the worst that I could say?
Things are better if I stay
So long and goodnight
So long and goodnight
Well, if you carry on this way
Things are better if I stay
So long and goodnight
So long not goodnight
Can you hear me?
Are you near me?
Can we pretend?
To leave and then
We'll meet again
When both our cars collide
What's the worst that I could say?
Things are better if I stay
So long and goodnight
So long not goodnight
Well, if you carry on this way
Things are better if I stay
So long and goodnight
So long and goodnight
Meaning of the song:
First paragraph>>> It means that the person's name is Helena and she is dead.
Second paragraph>>> Helena's death is like she took a part from the singer away and it hurts a
lot.
Third paragraph>>>The singer does not want to accept the fact that Helena's is dead but he
knows that he must forget about it and try to be calm because Helena is no
longer alive.
Forth paragraph>>> Same as paragraph 2.
Fifth paragraph>>>It means that Helena was once belonged to the singer and now she has gone
and it shatters the singer's heart and soul.
Sixth paragraph>>>Same as paragraph 3
Seventh paragraph>>>It is clear that the singer is trying to talk to her as if she was an angel and
he just wants to be with her again.
Eighth paragraph>>> The writer finally accepts the fact that Helena is dead and gone forever
and he will be okay.
Conclusion: From the lyrics above, it is clear that the singer is trying to express his deep sadness and he is mourning over Helena's death. The singer wants to see Helena so badly. This is an example of emo hardcore song. Every single word of the lyrics has sad and negative expression.
>>> An emo Hong Kong star, Daniel Wu in the making of Shinjuku Incident.
Nowadays, we can see 'emo' is related to music and fashion as well and is sometimes stereotyped with tight-fitting jeans on males and females, long fringes brushed to one side of one or two eyes exactly like those who have panda eyes or have taken drugs, dyed black and straight hair, tight shirts with colourful patterns or bear the names of famous emo bands, studded belts, belts buckles, canvas sneakers or black shoes.
A few years ago, fashion of emo was correlated with clean cut look, but as the styles spread to younger teenagers, the style has become darker, with long fringe. A popular media has characterized it as being related with depression, self-injury such as cutting oneself with blade and suicide due to extreme angst-ridden.
>>An Emo Girl
>>> A deep wound caused by cutting oneself. Disgusting isn't?
chinese culture
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Moon cake
Mooncake is a Chinese confection that is traditionally eaten during the mid-autumn festival or commonly known as mooncake festival. Typical mooncake have either round or rectangular puck shape pastries , measurement about 10 cm in diameter and 4-5 cm thick. They have a relatively thin crust (2-3 mm), which surrounds a thick pasty filling and may contain yolks from salted duck eggs. Mooncake are typically rich, heavy and dense compared to western pastries and usually eat in small portion with Chinese tea as drink.
Traditional mooncakes are typically baked and consists of a thin tender skin enveloping a sweet and slightly oily filling. The moon cake can also contain single or multiple whole salted egg
yolks in its center to symbolize the full moon. The saltiness of the yolk balances well with the sweet filling in the mooncake.
Traditional mooncakes have an imprint on top consisting of the Chinese characters for "longevity" or "harmony" as well as the name of the bakery and filling in the moon cake. Imprints of a moon, a woman on the moon, flowers, vines, or a rabbit may surround the characters for additional decoration.
Mooncake filling is depending on the region culture, different region will produce defferent type of filling. This is making people all around the word to recognize the mooncake from different region. Once eat the mooncake can determine it origin.
On the other hand, crust play an important role in making of the mooncake. There is chewy type of crust , flaky type of crust and tender type of crush. Chewy type of crust has a reddish-brown tone and glossy sheen. It is the most common type of crust in Cantonese style mooncake. Beside that, flaky type of crust are commonly use in Suzhou-style mooncake , This crust has a very similar texture to the likes of puff pastry. Tender crush are from cert
ain province of china and Taiwan. The texture of this type of mooncake crust is similar to the likes of the shortcrust pastry used in Western pie crusts or tart shells. This is the mooncake that are exist and use when mooncake festival celebration.
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